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Dog Food Insiders Rating
4 PAWS
You can find detailed information about Iams Dog Food, made by Procter & Gamble (P&G), in our main Iams Dog Food review. There you will also find information about how the food is made, recalls, and their quality control.
Iams produces a tremendous range of products for all ages, sizes of dogs, and dogs with different health needs. They emphasize nutrition in their foods but many people who look at ingredients will balk at the corn and other grains used in them. Some of their foods are popular grocery store brands and others can be found in pet stores or bought online. The veterinary formulas have to be purchased through veterinarians.
Eukanuba is the sister company of Iams. Ingredients in the two foods can differ and Eukanuba is generally sold online or in pet stores but the two companies rely on the same nutritional research.
Ingredients in Iams ProActive Health Smart Puppy Small & Toy Breed
Chicken, Corn Meal, Chicken By-Product Meal, Ground Whole Grain Sorghum, Chicken Flavor, Dried Beet Pulp, Chicken Fat (preserved with mixed Tocopherols, a source of Vitamin E), Fish Oil (preserved with mixed Tocopherols, a source of Vitamin E), Dried Egg Product, Potassium Chloride, Brewers Dried Yeast, Salt, Choline Chloride, Caramel, Monosodium Phosphate,Fructooligosaccharides, Minerals (Ferrous Sulfate, Zinc Oxide, Manganese Sulfate, Copper Sulfate, Manganous Oxide, Potassium Iodide, Cobalt Carbonate), Vitamins (Vitamin E Supplement, Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin A Acetate, Calcium Pantothenate, Biotin, Thiamine Mononitrate (source of vitamin B1), Vitamin B12 Supplement, Niacin, Riboflavin Supplement (source of vitamin B2), Inositol, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (source of vitamin B6), Vitamin D3 Supplement, Folic Acid), Calcium Carbonate, L-Lysine Monohydrochloride, DL-Methionine, Rosemary Extract
The first five ingredients in this food are: Chicken, Corn Meal,Chicken By-Product Meal,Ground Whole Grain Sorghum and Chicken Flavor. As with many of Iams’ other Proactive Health formulas, these first five ingredients show good meat protein, including meat as the first ingredient (chicken). They also include the grains corn meal and ground whole grain sorghum. Most puppies should be able to digest these carbs without a problem but if you don’t like the idea of grains for dogs, you will need to avoid this food. The fifth ingredient is chicken flavor which doesn’t contain a lot of nutrition but it does add flavor to the food. Overall these are not bad ingredients and they are better than what is found in many puppy foods. We need to look at the rest of the ingredients to learn more.
According to Iams:
This Iams ProActive Health formula has PreBiotics that work inside the digestive tract to promote healthy digestion and strong defenses. Healthy inside. Healthy outside.
Formulated for dogs 1-12 months and up to 20 lbs at maturity, Iams Smart Puppy concentrated nutrition proactively nourishes your small or toy breed puppy with vet recommended, 100% complete and balanced nutrition that’s 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Natural fish oil and DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid), a nutrient vital for optimal brain development, promote smarter, more trainable puppies. High-quality protein from chicken and egghelps build strong, firm muscles while staying gentle on the digestive system.
Seven essential nutrients nourish the heart whileantioxidants help develop a strong immune system, andessential minerals promote strong teeth and bones.
Recommended For: Small & Toy Breed Puppies (up to 20 lbs at maturity) – 1 to 12 months. This formula is recommended for pregnant and nursing dogs.
We can substantiate most of the claims made by Iams in these statements. The food does contain prebiotics that are good for healthy digestion. It has approximately 460 calories per 8 ounce cup of food, which we would consider very “concentrated nutrition” compared to most other dog and puppy foods. It does contain fish oil which contains DHA. DHA has been cited as a nutrient that is good for brain development in puppies. And the ingredients in the food include chicken and egg as protein sources. Likewise, the food contains minerals and antioxidants, as mentioned in this description.
We would like to know more about Iams’ claim of having “Seven essential nutrients nourish the heart.” They make this claim about many of their foods but we’ve never been sure exactly which nutrients they are referring to.
We have no problem with the claims Iams makes for the food.
Feeding Small Breed and Toy Puppies
Small breed and Toy puppies typically need more concentrated nutrition than larger puppies. They have faster metabolisms than larger puppies so, pound for pound, they use more energy. Yet because of their small size, they cannot eat very much at a single meal. For this reason, puppy food for these puppies needs to have more calories and puppies need to have several small meals per day.
This particular puppy food has more calories (approximately 460 kcal per cup) and is higher in protein and fat percentages than Iams’ other ProActive Health puppy formulas, making it a good choice for small and Toy breeds. It should be noted that the protein and fat percentages are only slightly higher and most of the difference in the food comes in the carbohydrates. This food has several percent more carbs than Iams’ other ProActive Heath puppy formulas. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing since small and Toy breed puppies need some slow-digesting carbs in their digestive system to sustain them from one meal to the next. These small puppies can be prone to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Without a slow, steady supply of complex carbohydrates in the bloodstream, a small or Toy breed puppy can become ill, have a seizure, or fall into a coma (read more here). Puppy foods that are higher in protein and fat, as well as carbohydrates are recommended for small and Toy breed puppies who are susceptible to hypoglycemia.
It’s also recommended to feed small and Toy breed puppies about 4 meals per day, especially when they are very young. As they get older and closer to adulthood, you can generally taper off to feeding 3 meals per day.
As with other puppies, it’s important to keep small and Toy breed puppies slim. Do not let these puppies become overweight or obese or they can have health problems later in life. Follow the feeding guidelines provided on the bag of food. Use these as a starting point and see if your puppy is gaining too much weight or losing weight. Then adjust how much you feed accordingly.
Top 5 Ingredients Breakdown
Chicken is the first ingredient and chicken by-product meal is the third. Together, this indicates that the food probably contains a good amount of chicken protein. We always like to see meat protein as the first ingredient in a food. Chicken is about 80 percent protein and it’s a good source of Vitamin B6 and Phosphorus, and a very good source of Niacin and Selenium. Chicken is more desirable than chicken by-products. Obviously the chicken would appear lower in the list if the moisture were removed but the chicken by-product meal already has most of the moisture removed so it contains a lot of protein. AAFCO defines chicken by-product meal as: consists of the ground, rendered, clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered chicken, such as necks, feet, undeveloped eggs and intestines, exclusive of feathers, except in such amounts as might occur unavoidable in good processing practice.” There are some good parts in chicken by-products and chicken meal supplies concentrated animal protein, but it’s a mix and it’s not the same high quality protein as chicken meat. However, it should be noted that it’s definitely chicken. It’s not by-products from some unknown animal. So, it might not be chicken breast but it’s not so bad. Many people who feed raw like to give their dogs chicken necks and other parts that would be called “chicken by-products.” As mentioned, chicken by-product meal is a good source of chondroitin and glucosamine which are good for the joints.
The second ingredient is corn meal. According to one source, there are 27 different corn or corn-derived products listed in the AAFCO manual that are all by-products of the various corn milling operations which make human food products. The company says that corn meal is used in their food as a high quality source of carbohydrates for energy (read more here.) We are uncertain about the nutritional information for the corn meal used in dog food. Assuming that it is similar to corn meal sold for human cooking, then it has about 10 percent protein, 14 percent fat, and 76 carbohydrates. However, we’re not sure if this is the same as the corn meal that’s used in dog food. If you have additional information about corn meal in dog food, please let us know. If these figures are correct, the corn meal would provide a source of plant protein and a lot of carbs in the food.
The fourth ingredient is ground whole grain sorghum. While sorghum is currently touted as having a lot of health benefits for humans, such as being gluten-free and helping with some health issues (which haven’t been proven), it’s usually associated with livestock feed. Sorghum is about 3 percent protein, 8 percent fat, and 89 percent carbohydrates. It contains some B vitamins and a few assorted minerals, but not large quantities of anything, although it does have a lot of omega-6 fatty acid. One species of sorghum is the source of sorghum molasses. Other kinds of sorghum are used for grass/fodder and grains for animals.
The fifth ingredient is chicken flavor. This ingredient probably contains little nutritional value but it’s better than “natural flavors” which are sometimes added to dog foods and which often feature monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Overall, these first five ingredients provide some good sources of meat protein with the chicken and chicken by-product meal, some plant protein and a lot of carbs, especially from corn. The chicken flavor provides moisture and makes the food taste better.
Additional Ingredients of Interest
The food also contains dried beet pulp. There are some misconceptions about beet pulp, probably because of the name. Dried beet pulp is a natural, fermentable source of fiber. It is a wonderful addition to dog food to help move fecal matter along in the intestines, for one reason because it soaks up a lot of moisture and keeps things moving. It also acts as a pre-biotic to help good bacteria grow in the gut. Dried beet pulp is not a source of sugar for dogs. It does not make dogs hyper. The sugar has already been removed. “Despite being a byproduct of sugar beet processing, beet pulp itself is low in sugar and other non-structural carbohydrates, but high in energy and fiber. Among other nutrients, it contains 10 percent protein, 0.8 percent calcium and 0.5 percent phosphorus” (read more on wikipedia). This ingredient doesn’t have any special affect on dogs prone to hypoglycemia.
The food also contains chicken fat (preserved with mixed Tocopherols, a source of Vitamin E). Chicken fat is a good named fat which is good for dogs. Mixed tocopherols are a form of vitamin E and they act as natural preservatives to keep the fat from spoiling. Chicken fat is also a good source of Omega-6 fatty acid.
We also see that the food contains Fish Oil (preserved with mixed Tocopherols, a source of Vitamin E). Fish oil is a good source of omega-3 fatty acid. Omega-3 is good for your dog’s skin and coat, among other things. Fish oil contains DHA which, as Iams mentions, is good for your puppy’s brain development.
Dried egg product is a good source of animal protein. Eggs offer high bioavailability for mammals like dogs.
Brewers dried yeast (not to be confused with brewers rice) is a yeast that is leftover from making beer (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and it has a lot of nutritional uses. It provides biotin and B complex vitamins, as well as protein. It’s considered to be very good for your dog’s skin and coat, for example. Many people add brewers yeast to their dog’s diet as a supplement to discourage fleas. It supports the nervous system and helps keep the skin, hair, eyes, and liver healthy. It’s a source of the antioxidant nutrient selenium.
The food also has caramel which can refer to coloring or flavor. In either case, it’s not something that your dog needs. The food also contains the essential fatty acid Methionine. Methionine is related to aging and there are ongoing studies about how it affects people and animals. However, it usually seems to be added to dog food because it can keep dog urine from leaving burned patches in the grass.
The food contains the natural sweetener Fructooligosaccharides which is 30 to 50 percent as sweet as other commercial sweeteners/syrups. It is usually derived from fruits and vegetables but it can come from grains and cereals. Dogs don’t really need sugar added to their diet. However, fructooligosaccharides (FOS for short) has some other benefits. It’s becoming popular as a prebiotic, for example, helping to increase gastrointestinal health. According to some sources, it may also help prevent yeast infections. According to some studies, FOS, together with inulin (which is not present in this particular dog food) promotes the absorption of calcium in animals (and in people). The microflora in the lower gut is able to ferment FOS which leads to a reduced pH. Since calcium is more soluble in acidic conditions, the intestines are better able to digest foods that contain calcium and transfer it to the bloodstream. FOS can also be considered a small dietary fiber with a low caloric value. Iams uses FOS in many of their foods and we note that it is farther down on the ingredient list in this food, perhaps to reduce the sugar content in the food.
We also note the presence of inositol in the food. Inositol is a component of the B vitamin complex. It can be found in plant and animal tissue and it is necessary for the growth of yeasts and other fungi. It’s especially important as a part of a phospholipid found in the brain.
L-Lysine is an essential amino acid. It’s a necessary building block for all protein in the body. L-Lysine plays a major role in calcium absorption; building muscle protein; recovering from surgery or sports injuries; and the body’s production of hormones, enzymes, and antibodies.
Rosemary extract is an antioxidant that acts as a natural preservative. It’s a common ingredient in many dog foods but if your dog is prone to seizures you will probably want to look for foods that do not contain rosemary since this ingredient has been linked to them.
Most of these ingredients are found in other Iams ProHealth dog foods as well though the percentages may be different.
Guaranteed Analysis
Crude Protein, minimum ….. 29.00 %
Crude Fat, minimum ….. 18.00 %
Crude Fiber, maximum ….. 4.00 %
Moisture, maximum ….. 10.00 %
Docosahexaenoic Acid, minimum ….. 0.10 %*
Omega-6 Fatty Acids, minimum ….. 2.40 %*
Omega-3 Fatty Acids, minimum ….. 0.45 %*
*Not recognized as an essential nutrient by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles.
Calories Content
459.38 kcal/cup calories per 8 oz cup
Nutritional Adequacy Statement
Iams ProActive Health Smart Puppy Small & Toy Breeds is formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles for Gestation, Lactation and Growth.
Dry Matter Basis
On a dry matter basis, this food contains 32.2 percent protein and 20 percent fat. Fiber makes up 4.4 percent of the food. The food contains 34.4 percent carbohydrates.
Summary
This looks like a good puppy food for small and Toy breed puppies. We like the guaranteed analysis and calories, and the ingredients look suitable for these puppies, including the carbohydrates.
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